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TS2931CS12 Arkusz danych(PDF) 3 Page - Taiwan Semiconductor Company, Ltd

Numer części TS2931CS12
Szczegółowy opis  100mA Ultra Low Dropout Positive Voltage Regulator
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Producent  TSC [Taiwan Semiconductor Company, Ltd]
Strona internetowa  http://www.taiwansemi.com
Logo TSC - Taiwan Semiconductor Company, Ltd

TS2931CS12 Arkusz danych(HTML) 3 Page - Taiwan Semiconductor Company, Ltd

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TS2931 series
3-5
2004/12 rev. A
Application Hints
One of the distinguishing factors of the TS2931 series regulators is the requirement of an output capacitor for device
stability. The value required varies greatly depending upon the application circuit and other factors. Thus some
comments on the characteristics of both capacitors and the regulator are in order.
High frequency characteristics of electrolytic capacitors depend greatly on the type and even the manufacturer. As a
result, a value of capacitance that works well with the TS2931 for one brand or type may not necessary be sufficient
with an electrolytic of different origin. Sometimes actual bench testing, as described later, will be the only means to
determine the proper capacitor and value. Experience has shown that, as a rule of thumb, the more expensive and
higher quality electrolytic generally allows a smaller value for regulator stability. As an example, while a high-quality
100 F aluminum electrolytic covers all general application circuits, similar stability can be obtained with a tantalum
 
electrolytic of only 47uF. This factor of two can generally be applied to any special application circuit also.
Another critical characteristic of electrolytic is their performance over temperature. While the TS2931 is designed to
operate to -20 , the same is not always true with all electrolytic
(hot is generally not a problem). The electrolyte in
many aluminum types will freeze around -250 ,
reducing their effective value to zero. Since the capacitance is needed
for regulator stability, the natural result is oscillation (and lots of it) at the regulator output. For all application circuits
where cold operation is necessary, the output capacitor must be rated to operate at the minimum temperature. By
coincidence, worst-case stability for the TS2931 also occurs at minimum temperatures. As a result, in applications
where the regulator junction temperature will never be less than 25 , the output capacitor can be reduced
approximately by a factor of two over the value needed for the entire temperature range. To continue our example with
the tantalum electrolytic, a value of only 22uF would probably thus suffice. For high-quality aluminum, 47uF would be
adequate in such an application.
Another regulator characteristic that is noteworthy is that stability decreases with higher output currents. This sensible
fact has important connotations. In many applications, the TS2931 is operated at only a few milliamps of output current
or less. In such a circuit, the output capacitor can be further reduced in value. As a rough estimation, a circuit that is
required to deliver a maximum of 10mA of output current from the regulator would need an output capacitor of only half
the value compared to the same regulator required to deliver the full output current of 100mA. If the example of the
tantalum capacitor in the circuit rated at 25
junction temperature and above were continued to include a maximum
of
10mA of output current, then the 22uF output capacitor could be reduced to only 10uF.
In the case of the TS2931CS adjustable regulator in SOP-8 package, the minimum value of output capacitance is a
function of the output voltage. As a general rule, the value decreases with higher output voltages, since internal loop
gain is reduced.
At this point, the procedure for bench testing the minimum value of an output capacitor in a special application circuit
should be clear. Since worst-case occurs at minimum operating temperatures and maximum operating currents, the
entire circuit, including the electrolytic, should be cooled to the minimum temperature. The input voltage to the regulator
should be maintained at 0.6V above the output to keep internal power dissipation and die heating to a minimum.
Worst-case occurs just after input power is applied and before the die has had a chance to heat up. Once the minimum
value of capacitance has been found for the brand and type of electrolytic in question, the value should be doubled for
actual use to account for production variations both in the capacitor and the regulator. (All the values in this section and
the remainder of the data sheet were determined in this fashion.)
Definition of Terms
Dropout Voltage:
The input-output voltage differential at which the circuit ceases to regulate against further reduction
in input voltage. Measured when the output voltage has dropped 100 mV from the nominal value
obtained at 14V input, dropout voltage is dependent upon load current and junction temperature.
Input Voltage:
The DC voltage applied to the input terminals with respect to ground.
Input-Output Differential:
The voltage difference between the unregulated input voltage and the regulated output
voltage for which the regulator will operate.
Line Regulation:
The change in output voltage for a change input voltage. The measurement is made under
conditions of low dissipation or by using pulse techniques such that the average chip temperature
is not significantly affected.
Load Regulation:
The change in output voltage for a change in load current at constant chip temperature.
Output Noise Voltage:
The rms AC voltage at the output, with constant load and no input ripple, measured over a
specified frequency range.
Quiescent Current:
That part of the positive input current that does not contribute to the positive load current. The
regulator ground lead current.
Ripple Rejection:
The ratio of the peak-to-peak input ripple voltage to the peak-to-peak output ripple voltage.


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