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LTC3114-1 Arkusz danych(PDF) 25 Page - Analog Devices

Numer części LTC3114-1
Szczegółowy opis  40V, 1A Synchronous Buck-Boost DC/DC Converter with Programmable Output Current
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Strona internetowa  http://www.analog.com
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LTC3114-1
25
Rev. D
For more information www.analog.com
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
transconductance gain of 1.97A/V. Similar to peak current
mode control, the inner average current mode control
loop effectively turns the inductor into a current source
over the frequency range of interest, resulting in a fre-
quency response from the power stage that exhibits a
single pole (–20dB/decade) roll off. The output capacitor
(COUT) and load resistance (RLOAD) form the normally
dominant low frequency pole and the effective series
resistance of the output capacitor and its capacitance
form a zero, usually at a high enough frequency to be
ignored. A potentially troublesome right half plane zero
(RHPZ) is also encountered if the LTC3114-1 is operated
in boost mode. The RHPZ causes an increase in gain, like
a zero, but a decrease in phase, like a pole. This will ulti-
mately limit the maximum converter bandwidth that can
be achieved with the LTC3114-1. The RHPZ is not present
when operating in buck mode. The overall open loop gain
at DC is the product of the following terms:
Voltage Error Amp Gain:
gm • RO = 120µs • 3.6M = 432V/V (not adjustable)
Voltage Divider Gain:
VFB
VOUT
=
1V
VOUT
(determined by the application, VFB is the reference
voltage for the voltage error amplifier)
Current Loop Transconductance:
GC =
1.7A
0.865V
= 1.97A/V (not adjustable)
Load Resistance (RLOAD) (determined by the application)
The frequency dependent terms that affect the loop gain
include:
Output Load Pole(P1):
1
2
π •RLOAD •COUT
(application dependent)
Error Amplifier Compensation (2 Poles and 1 Zero):
These are the design variables available
Right Half Plane Zero (RHPZ): boost mode only (deter-
mined by maximum load, VIN, VOUT and inductor)
Current Amplifier Compensation Components (Fixed
Internal to the LTC3114-1)
The internal current amplifier and inner current loop
have a much higher bandwidth than the overall loop,
however, unlike an ideal VCCS with a flat gain versus
frequency characteristic, the inner loop exhibits gain
peaking in the range of approximately 2kHz to 20kHz
that is an artifact of the fixed current amplifier compen-
sation. This gain peaking has the effect of pushing out
the overall loop crossover frequency, while
providing some phase margin boost as well. As long as
there is sufficient margin between the loop crossover
frequency and the worst-case RHPZ frequency, then
stable operation over all conditions is relatively easy
to achieve.
The design parameters for compensation design will
focus on the series resistor and capacitors connected
from VC to ground (RZ, CP1 and CP2). The general goal
is to provide a phase boost using the compensation net-
work zero in order to maximize the bandwidth and phase
margin of the converter. Being a buck-boost converter,
the target loop crossover frequency for the compensation
design will be dictated by the highest boost ratio and load
current that is expected as this will result in the lowest
RHPZ frequency. An illustrative example is provided next
that will derive the compensation components for a typical
LTC3114-1 application.
Compensation Example
This section will demonstrate how to derive and select the
compensation components for a typical LTC3114-1 appli-
cation. Designing compensation for other applications
gm
1V
1V
gm = 1.7A/0.865V
+
FB
VOLTAGE
ERROR
AMP
VOLTAGE
CONTROLLED
CURRENT
SOURCE
VC
GND
RZ
RTOP
1.7M
RBOT
100k
RCOSER
0.01
RLOAD
18
CP1
COUT
22µF
VOUT
CP2
31141 F06
Figure 6. Simplified Representation of Average
Current Mode Control Loop


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