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FAN53601 Arkusz danych(PDF) 9 Page - Fairchild Semiconductor

Numer części FAN53601
Szczegółowy opis  6 MHz 600 mA / 1 A Synchronous Buck Regulator
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Producent  FAIRCHILD [Fairchild Semiconductor]
Strona internetowa  http://www.fairchildsemi.com
Logo FAIRCHILD - Fairchild Semiconductor

FAN53601 Arkusz danych(HTML) 9 Page - Fairchild Semiconductor

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© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
www.fairchildsemi.com
FAN53601 / FAN53611 • Rev. 1.0.1
9
Operation Description
The FAN53601/11 is a 6 MHz, step-down switching voltage
regulator available in 600 mA or 1 A options that delivers a
fixed output from an input voltage supply of 2.3 V to 5.5 V.
Using
a
proprietary
architecture
with
synchronous
rectification, the FAN53601/11 is capable of delivering a
peak efficiency of 92%, while maintaining efficiency over
80% at load currents as low as 1 mA.
The regulator operates at a nominal fixed frequency of
6 MHz, which reduces the value of the external components
to as low as 470 nH for the output inductor and 4.7 µF for the
output capacitor. In addition, the PWM modulator can be
synchronized to an external frequency source.
Control Scheme
The FAN53601/11 uses a proprietary, non-linear, fixed-
frequency PWM modulator to deliver a fast load transient
response, while maintaining a constant switching frequency
over a wide range of operating conditions. The regulator
performance is independent of the output capacitor ESR,
allowing for the use of ceramic output capacitors. Although
this type of operation normally results in a switching frequency
that varies with input voltage and load current, an internal
frequency loop holds the switching frequency constant over a
large range of input voltages and load currents.
For very light loads, the FAN53601/11 operates in
discontinuous current (DCM) single-pulse PFM Mode, which
produces low output ripple compared with other PFM
architectures. Transition between PWM and PFM is
seamless, allowing for a smooth transition between DCM
and CCM.
Combined
with
exceptional
transient
response
characteristics, the very low quiescent current of the
controller maintains high efficiency; even at very light loads;
while preserving fast transient response for applications
requiring tight output regulation.
Enable and Soft-Start
When EN is LOW, all circuits are off and the IC draws ~50 nA
of current. When EN is HIGH and VIN is above its UVLO
threshold, the regulator begins a soft-start cycle. The output
ramp during soft-start is a fixed slew rate of 50 mV/
s from 0
to 1 VOUT, then 12.5 mV/s until the output reaches its
setpoint. Regardless of the state of the MODE pin, PFM Mode
is enabled to prevent current from being discharged from COUT
if soft-start begins when COUT is charged.
In addition, all voltage options can be ordered with a feature
that actively discharges FB to ground through a 230
 path
when EN is LOW. Raising EN above its threshold voltage
activates the part and starts the soft-start cycle. During soft-
start, the internal reference is ramped using an exponential
RC shape to prevent overshoot of the output voltage. Current
limiting minimizes inrush during soft-start.
The current-limit fault response protects the IC in the event
of an over-current condition present during soft-start. As a
result, the IC may fail to start if heavy load is applied during
startup and/or if excessive COUT is used.
The current required to charge COUT during soft-start
commonly referred to as “displacement current” is given as:
dt
dV
C
I
OUT
DISP
(1)
where
dt
dV
refers to the soft-start slew rate.
To prevent shut down during soft-start, the following condition
must be met:
)
DC
(
MAX
LOAD
DISP
I
I
I
(2)
where IMAX(DC) is the maximum load current the IC is
guaranteed to support.
Startup into Large COUT
Multiple soft-start cycles are required for no-load startup if
COUT is greater than 15 F. Large COUT requires light initial
load to ensure the FAN53601/11 starts appropriately. The IC
shuts down for 1.3 ms when IDISP exceeds ILIMIT for more
than 200
s of current limit. The IC then begins a new soft-
start cycle. Since COUT retains its charge when the IC is off,
the IC reaches regulation after multiple soft-start attempts.
MODE Pin
Logic 1 on this pin forces the IC to stay in PWM Mode. A
logic 0 allows the IC to automatically switch to PFM during
light loads. If the MODE pin is toggled with a frequency
between 1.3 MHz and 1.7 MHz, the converter synchronizes
its switching frequency to four times the frequency on the
MODE pin.
The MODE pin is internally buffered with a Schmitt trigger,
which allows the MODE pin to be driven with slow rise and
fall times. An asymmetric duty cycle for frequency
synchronization is also permitted as long as the minimum
time below VIL(MAX) or above VIH(MAX) is 100 ns.
Current Limit, Fault Shutdown, and Restart
A heavy load or short circuit on the output causes the current
in the inductor to increase until a maximum current threshold
is reached in the high-side switch. Upon reaching this point,
the high-side switch turns off, preventing high currents from
causing damage. The regulator continues to limit the current
cycle-by-cycle. After 16 cycles of current limit, the regulator
triggers an over-current fault, causing the regulator to shut
down for about 1.3 ms before attempting a restart.
If the fault is caused by short circuit, the soft-start circuit
attempts to restart and produces an over-current fault after
about 200
s, which results in a duty cycle of less than 15%,
limiting power dissipation.
The closed-loop peak-current limit is not the same as the
open-loop tested current limit, ILIM(OL), in the Electrical
Characteristics table. This is primarily due to the effect of
propagation delays of the IC current limit comparator.


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