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AD8611AR Arkusz danych(PDF) 8 Page - Analog Devices

Numer części AD8611AR
Szczegółowy opis  Ultrafast 4 ns Single Supply Comparators
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Strona internetowa  http://www.analog.com
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AD8611AR Arkusz danych(HTML) 8 Page - Analog Devices

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AD8611/AD8612
–8–
REV. 0
The AD8611 is stable with all values of capacitive load; however,
loading an output with greater than 30 pF will increase the propa-
gation delay of that channel. Capacitive loads greater than 500 pF
will also create some ringing on the output wave. Table II shows
propagation delay versus several values of load capacitance. The
loading on one output of the AD8611 does not affect the propaga-
tion delay of the other output.
Table II. Propagation Delay vs. Capacitive Load
Using the Latch to Maintain a Constant Output
The latch input to the AD8611/AD8612 can be used to retain
data at the output of the comparator. When the latch voltage goes
high, the output voltage will remain in its previous state, indepen-
dent of changes in the input voltage.
The setup time for the AD8611/AD8612 is 0.5 ns and the hold
time is 0.5 ns. Setup time is defined as the minimum amount of
time the input voltage must remain in a valid state before the
latch is activated for the latch to function properly. Hold time is
defined as the amount of time the input must remain constant
after the latch voltage goes high for the output to remain latched
its voltage.
The latch input is TTL and CMOS compatible, so a logic high is
a minimum of 2.0 V and a logic low is a maximum of 0.8 V. The
latch circuitry in the AD8611/AD8612 has no built-in hysteresis.
Input Stage and Bias Currents
The AD8611 and AD8612 use a bipolar PNP differential input
stage. This enables the input common-mode voltage range to extend
from within 2.0 V of the positive supply voltage to 200 mV below the
negative supply voltage. Therefore, using a single 5 V supply, the
input common-mode voltage range is –200 mV to +3.0 V. Input
common-mode voltage is the average of the voltages at the two
inputs. For proper operation, the input common-mode voltage
should be kept within the common-mode voltage range.
The input bias current for the AD8611/AD8612 is 4
µA, which
is the amount of current that flows from each input of the com-
parator. This bias current will go to zero on an input that is high
and will double on an input that is low, which is a characteristic
common to any bipolar comparator. Care should be taken in
choosing resistances to be connected around the comparator as
large resistors could cause significant voltage drops due to the
input bias current.
The input capacitance for the AD8611/AD8612 is typically 3 pF.
This is measured by inserting a 5 k
Ω source resistance in series
with the input and measuring the change in propagation delay.
Using Hysteresis
Hysteresis can easily be added to a comparator through the addi-
tion of positive feedback. Adding hysteresis to a comparator offers
an advantage in noisy environments where it is not desirable for
the output to toggle between states when the input signal is close
to the switching threshold. Figure 18 shows a simple method for
configuring the AD8611 or AD8612 with hysteresis.
VREF
R1
SIGNAL
COMPARATOR
R2
CF
Figure 18. Configuring the AD8611/AD8612 with
Hysteresis
Here, the input signal is connected directly to the inverting input
of the comparator. The output is fed back to the noninverting
input through R1 and R2. The ratio of R1 to R1 + R2 establishes
the width of the hysteresis window with VREF setting the center of
the window, or the average switching voltage. The Q output will
switch low when the input voltage is greater than VHI, and will
not switch high again until the input voltage is less than VLO as
given in Equation 1:
VV
V
R
RR
V
HI
REF
REF
=−
()
+
+
+
15
1
12
.
(1)
VV
R
RR
LO
REF
+
2
12
Where V+ is the positive supply voltage.
The capacitor CF is optional and can be added to introduce a
pole into the feedback network. This has the effect of increasing
the amount of hysteresis at high frequencies, which is useful when
comparing relatively slow signals in high-frequency noise envi-
ronments. At frequencies greater than fP, the hysteresis window
approaches VHI = V+ – 1.5 V and VLO = 0 V. For frequencies less
than ƒP, the threshold voltages remain as in Equation 1.
Clock Timing Recovery
Comparators are often used in digital systems to recover clock
timing signals. High-speed square waves transmitted over a distance,
even tens of centimeters, can become distorted due to stray capaci-
tance and inductance. Poor layout or improper termination can also
cause reflections on the transmission line, further distorting the
signal waveform. A high-speed comparator can be used to recover
the distorted waveform while maintaining a minimum of delay.
Figure 19 shows the AD8611 used to recover a 65 MHz, 100 mV
peak-to-peak distorted clock signal into a 4 V peak-to-peak square
wave. The lower trace is the input to the AD8611 and the upper
trace is the Q output from the comparator. The AD8611 is powered
from a 5 V single supply.
TIME – 10ns/DIV
2V/DIV
VOUT
VIN
20mV/DIV
Figure 19. Using the AD8611 to Recover a Noisy Clock Signal
CL
PD Rising
PD Falling
< 10 pF
3.5 ns
3.5 ns
33 pF
5 ns
5 ns
100 pF
8 ns
7 ns
390 pF
14.5 ns
10 ns
680 pF
26 ns
15 ns


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